RadarLab - radar

doppler

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-28T15:13:41+00:00

CW /FREQUENCY-MODULATED RADAR , RADAR DOPPLER-MTI AND MTD Doppler Effect In radar technology the $Doppler Effect$ is using for the following tasks: * Speed measuring; * MTI - Moving Target Indication; * in air-or space-based radar systems for precise determination of lateral distances.$f$$ U_s$$f ’$$f$$( f ’ > f )$$( f ’ < f )$\begin{equation} F_d = \frac{2v}{\lambda } \end{equation}$ F_d $$λ$$v$\begin{equation} F_d=\frac{2v}{\lambda }\times cos\alpha \end{equation}$F_d$$λ$$v$$α$$\frac…

exercises

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-28T15:13:41+00:00

EXERCISES Radar measurement Exercise 1 A meteor radar has the following parameters: $f_0 = 9400\;MHz$ (X Band) $P_T = 200\;KW$ $PRF_A = 1200\;Hz$ $PRF_B = 240\;Hz$ $\tau_A = 0.5\;\mu s$ $\tau_B = 3\;\mu s$ $D = 2\;m$ (Antenna diameter) Compute the beam width $\theta_B$, the maximum gain $G_{max}$, the maximum unambiguous range $R_{max}$, the maximum unambiguous velocity $v_{max}$ and finally the duty cycle $d$$D>>\lambda$\begin{equation} \lambda=\frac{c}{f}=0.032\;m \end{equ…

fmcw

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-29T13:14:32+00:00

history

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-28T15:13:41+00:00

History of Radar During the 1930s, efforts to use radio echoes for aircraft detection were initiated independently and almost simultaneously in eight countries that were concerned with the prevailing military situation and that already had practical experience with radio technology. The United States, Great Britain, Germany, France, the Soviet Union, Italy, the Netherlands, and Japan all began experimenting with radar within about two years of one another and embarked, with varying degrees of m…

introduction

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-28T15:13:41+00:00

INTRODUCTION Radar Definition A radar is a system for detecting the presence, direction, distance, speed of aircrafts, ships and other objects, by sending out pulses of radio waves which are reflected off the object back (backscatter) to the source.$c=299792458\;m/s$$c\simeq300\;m/ \mu s$$HF$$VHF$$UHF$$L$$S$$C$$X$$K_u$$K$$K_a$$V$$W$$mm$$PRF$$PRT=1/PRF$$\tau$$\tau=1\;\mu s$$PRT=1\;ms$$\Delta f$$\Delta t = 2\;R/c$

measurements

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-28T16:58:13+00:00

Radar Measurement A radar system is able to measure with high accuracy the distance of an object. It uses electromagnetic pulses to detect the presence of a target in the following way: a transmitter emits a pulse of energy towards a given direction and if it bumps into an object part of the energy will be sent back. This “retransmitted energy” is called ECHO and according to its amplitude, the receiver will decide whether the target is present or not (by the comparison of the received signal w…

preference

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-28T15:13:41+00:00

Put your name below your preferred topics (you can also select more than one topic) Introduction + Excercises Iacto History ( N. Galkina ) Radar Measurements Di Paolo Radar Equation Sidoretti RCS Dianka Radar Detection Di Cristofaro Doppler processing

prova

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-28T15:13:41+00:00

Fundamentals of Radar ~~~~~~RECURSIVE~~~~~~ Introduction ~~~~~~RECURSIVE~~~~~~ History ~~~~~~RECURSIVE~~~~~~ Radar Measurement ~~~~~~RECURSIVE~~~~~~ Radar Equation ~~~~~~RECURSIVE~~~~~~ Radar Cross Section ~~~~~~RECURSIVE~~~~~~ Basics of detection theory ~~~~~~RECURSIVE~~~~~~ Doppler Radar, MTI, MTD ~~~~~~RECURSIVE~~~~~~ Pulse Compression ~~~~~~RECURSIVE~~~~~~ Track While Scan Excercises ~~~~~~RECURSIVE~~~~~~

pulsecompression

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-28T18:24:05+00:00

Basic concepts concerning Matched filters In the previous chapters, the concept of the minimum detectable signal was introduced and was defined the concept of radar range in terms of statistics. In the sequel, some significant aspects of optimum filtering are illustrated. $v(t)$$V_{T}$$SNR_{min}$$P_{d}$$P_{fa}$$P_{d}$$P_{fa}$$SNR_{min}$$\sigma^{2} = k_{b}T_{0}B_{n}GF$$S{min}= SNR_{min}Fk_{b}T_{0}B_{n}$$B_{n} $$H(f)$$SNR$$T$$T$\begin{equation} X(f) = \frac{\sin (\pi T f)}{\pi f} \end{equation…

radardetection

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-28T15:13:41+00:00

Basics of detection theory Estimation and Detection Theory based on a single observation, scalar or vector (Estimation of probabilities on a random sample of fixed size). Decision Process Every statistic decision problem has the same structure: A source $\Omega$$\Omega$$\vec{X}$$\Omega$$\vec{X}$\begin{equation} P(\vec{X} \mid M_i) , i=0,1,...,m-1 \end{equation}$\vec{X}$$M_i$$S_i$$p(x \mid M_i)$$i=0,...,m-1$$p(\vec(X) \mid M_i),i=0,...,m-1$$M_0$$M_1$\begin{equation} P(x \mid M_0)=\frac{1}{2\…

radarequation

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-28T15:13:41+00:00

Radar Equation In this chapter we will show how the basic radar equation is derived, that describes the conditions under which a target can be detected by a radar. We say “basic” because in the next chapters more advanced techniques to increase the performance of a radar will be introduced. After discussing various forms of the radar equation, we will focus on the losses that appear in the equation, in particular concerning thermal noise. Lastly, we will see how also the earth's horizon contrib…

rcs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-28T18:23:22+00:00

General definition Radar cross section is the measure of a target's ability to reflect radar signals in the direction of the radar receiver, i.e. it is a measure of the ratio of backscatter power per steradian (unit solid angle) in the direction of the radar (from the target) to the power density that is intercepted by the target. Radar cross section is a measure of power scattered in a given direction when a target is illuminated by an incident wave. RCS is normalized to the power density of t…

scores

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-28T17:00:22+00:00

Name Score Note Iatco Bogdan Galkina Natalia D Paolo Cristian Sidoretti Giulio Dianka Sileymane Di Cristofaro Dimitri Masrour Tadavani Maliheh Romagnoli Marco Antonio George Jibin Baby Anu

start

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-28T15:13:41+00:00

Fundamentals of Radar * Introduction * History * Radar Measurement * Radar Equation * Radar Cross Section * Basics of detection theory * Doppler Radar, MTI, MTD * Pulse Compression * Track While Scan Excercises * Exercises

tracking

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-28T15:13:41+00:00

Tracking Radar Principles Tracking radar systems are used to measure the target’s relative position in range, azimuth angle, elevation angle, and velocity. A typical tracking radar has a pencil beam to receive echoes from a single target and track the target in angle, range, and/or doppler.Its resolution cell defined by its antenna beamwidth, transmitter pulse length, and/or doppler bandwidth is usually small compared with that of a search radar and is used to exclude undesired echoes or signal…

tws

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-04-28T18:24:34+00:00

TWS Thus far we have considered radar mainly as a surveillance senser that detects target over a region of space.A radar not only recognizes the presence of a target, but it determines the target's location in range and in one or two angle coordinates.As it continues to observe a target over time,the radar can provide the target's tragectory, or track and predict where it will be in the future.Various surface and airborne radars constitute a major sensor input to computerized command and contro…