{"id":21,"date":"2026-04-27T17:23:07","date_gmt":"2026-04-27T17:23:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/radarlab.uniroma2.it\/?page_id=21"},"modified":"2026-08-04T12:07:43","modified_gmt":"2026-08-04T12:07:43","slug":"accademic-courses","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/radarlab.uniroma2.it\/index.php\/accademic-courses\/","title":{"rendered":"Academic Courses"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

Fundamental of Radar and Localization (9CFU)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Objectives<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

LEARNING OUTCOMES: Knowledge of the main applications and operations of radar systems with the necessary basic elements (both theoretical and technical-operational). KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: Being aware, at the system level, performance in terms of scope, discrimination, ambiguity, Doppler filtering (MTI Improvement Factor) and Pulse Compression (analysis of waveform radar) APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: knowing how to deal with new problems with the methods learned MAKING JUDGEMENTS: the ability to choose among the various methods learned the proper one to face new problems and radar design. For any learning disorders or disabilities, please refer to the support of CARIS (https:\/\/www-2024.caris.uniroma2.it\/).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Course program<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

General information on radar, spectrum usage, radar measurements (distance, radial velocity, angular location). Fundamental radar equation, the noise of the receiver and antenna, propagation (attenuation and reflections), losses. Radar Cross Section and targets models (slow and rapid fluctuation); detection of targets (fixed and moving); integration of the pulses. Decision Theory and radar detection: decision criteria, detection of single pulse, revelation with N pulses. Doppler radar and Moving Target Indicator (MTI): Doppler effect and structure of the coherent transceiver, MTI filtering, Improvement factor and its limitations, Moving Target Detector, Matched filter and Pulse Compression, Chirp signal, ambiguity function. Global Navigation Satellite Systems principles and Mobile Terminal Localization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evaluation method<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The exam includes a written test and an oral test.The written test includes theory questions, exercises and radar equipment design. After passing the written test, you can access the oral test on the entire program of the course. The examination test assesses, the overall preparation of the student, the ability to integrate the knowledge of the different parts of the program, the consequentiality of reasoning, analytical ability and autonomy of judgment. Also assessed are the ownership of language and clarity of exposition, in adherence with the Dublin descriptors (1.Knowledge and understanding (knowledge and understanding); 2.Ability to apply knowledge and understanding (applying knowledge and understanding); 3.Autonomy of judgment (making judgements); 4.Learning skills (learning skills); 5: Communication skills (communication skills). The final grade will be related 70% to the degree of knowledge and 30% to the expressive and independent judgment skills demonstrated by the student. The examination paper will be graded according to the following criteria: Unsuitable: major deficiencies and\/or inaccuracies in knowledge and understanding of topics; limited analytical and synthesis skills, frequent generalizations and limited critical and judgmental skills , topics are expounded inconsistently and with language inappropriate, 18-20: barely sufficient knowledge and understanding of topics with possible generalizations and imperfections; analysis skills synthesis and autonomy of judgment sufficient, topics are expounded in a frequently inconsistent manner and with language that is not very appropriate\/technical, 21-23: Routine knowledge and understanding of topics; Ability to analyze and synthesize correctly with logical argumentation sufficiently coherent and appropriate\/technical language 24-26: Fair knowledge and understanding of topics; Good analysis and synthesis skills with arguments expressed in a rigorous but with language not always appropriate\/technical. 27-29: Comprehensive knowledge and understanding of topics; considerable analytical and synthesis skills. Good autonomy of judgment. Topics rigorously expounded and with appropriate\/technical language 30-30L: Excellent level of thorough knowledge and understanding of topics. Excellent skills of analysis, synthesis and autonomy of judgment. Arguments expressed in an original Oral exam Written exam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adopted texts<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lecture notes Kingsley, Quegan, \u201cUnderstanding Radar Systems\u201d, McGraw-Hill,1992 Bassem R. Mahafza, \u201cIntroduction to Radar Analysis \u201d,CRC Press, 1998 Byron Edde, \u201cRadar: Principles, Technology, Applications\u201dPrentice Hall, 1993

Carrying out procedures<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

90 hours of frontal lessons including exercises. Possible seminars with industry experts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conducting methods<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

90 hours of frontal lessons including exercises. Possible seminars with industry experts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Satellite Navigation and Surveillance system (9CFU)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Objectives<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

LEARNING OUTCOMES: Knowledge of the main applications and operations of Satellite Navigation systems with the necessary basic elements (both theoretical and technical-operational). KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: Being aware, at the system level, of the performance and way of working of different localization and navigation methods APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: knowing how to deal with new problems with the methods learned MAKING JUDGEMENTS: the ability to choose among the various methods learned the proper one to face new problems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Course program<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Navigation and radio facilities. Satellite Navigation; structure of a GNSS (space segment, control, user) and its performance (accuracy, continuity, availability, integrity); sources of error, dilution of precision (DOP parameters); the receiver. GNSS existing and on development (GPS, Galileo, GLONASS, Beidou \u2026.). Integrity monitoring & Augmentation (DGPS, LAAS, WAAS, GBAS). Location of the mobile terminal on the cellular network and other methods of tracking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evaluation method<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The exam includes a written test and an oral test.The written test includes theory questions, exercises and radar equipment design. After passing the written test, you can access the oral test on the entire program of the course. The examination test assesses, the overall preparation of the student, the ability to integrate the knowledge of the different parts of the program, the consequentiality of reasoning, analytical ability and autonomy of judgment. Also assessed are the ownership of language and clarity of exposition, in adherence with the Dublin descriptors (1.Knowledge and understanding (knowledge and understanding); 2.Ability to apply knowledge and understanding (applying knowledge and understanding); 3.Autonomy of judgment (making judgements); 4.Learning skills (learning skills); 5: Communication skills (communication skills). The final grade will be related 70% to the degree of knowledge and 30% to the expressive and independent judgment skills demonstrated by the student. The examination paper will be graded according to the following criteria: Unsuitable: major deficiencies and\/or inaccuracies in knowledge and understanding of topics; limited analytical and synthesis skills, frequent generalizations and limited critical and judgmental skills , topics are expounded inconsistently and with language inappropriate, 18-20: barely sufficient knowledge and understanding of topics with possible generalizations and imperfections; analysis skills synthesis and autonomy of judgment sufficient, topics are expounded in a frequently inconsistent manner and with language that is not very appropriate\/technical, 21-23: Routine knowledge and understanding of topics; Ability to analyze and synthesize correctly with logical argumentation sufficiently coherent and appropriate\/technical language 24-26: Fair knowledge and understanding of topics; Good analysis and synthesis skills with arguments expressed in a rigorous but with language not always appropriate\/technical. 27-29: Comprehensive knowledge and understanding of topics; considerable analytical and synthesis skills. Good autonomy of judgment. Topics rigorously expounded and with appropriate\/technical language 30-30L: Excellent level of thorough knowledge and understanding of topics. Excellent skills of analysis, synthesis and autonomy of judgment. Arguments expressed in an original manner and with appropriate technical language. Oral exam Written exam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adopted texts<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lecture’s notes Kaplan, Understanding GPS\/GNSS: Principles and Applications, 2017<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Carrying out procedures<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

90 hours of frontal lessons including exercises. Possible seminars with industry experts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conducting methods<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

90 hours of frontal lessons including exercises. Possible seminars with industry experts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n
\n

Hardware, Electromagnetic And Localization Security (6CFU)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Objectives<\/strong>
LEARNING RESULTS: Knowledge of the main HW safety, electromagnetic and localization applications KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: Know, at the system level, the performance of some methods of protection from cyber attacks APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: knowing how to deal with a safety problem in the HW, Electromagnetic and localization fields AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT: ability to choose among the various methods learned the one suitable to face new problems.

Course Program<\/strong>.
Introduction Information security\/Cybersecurity\/Security vs Safety\/Privacy definitions; Introduction to vulnerabilities, attacks, threats and possible systems at risk; Hardware, Short range\/near field and long range\/far field problem segmentation Short range RF SECURITY Fundamentals of WIRELESS MEDICAL DEVICES Architecture of wearable communication systems (off the body, on-body. Through the body) Identification and Radio Frequency sensors Vulnerability and authenticity of Wireless Wearable Systems. Electromagnetic fundamentals of Side Channel Attack, radiated emission and Susceptibility Security by Design:shielding, choke, watchdog Privacy issues in wearable medical devices Long range RF security Fundamentals of RF localization Electronic Warfare notable schemes and examples (Intelligence and Elint, ESM, ECM, ECCM\u2026, libraries, low probability of intercept, authentication, encryption); Most used attacks on the RF channel (Chaff, Eavesdropping, Jamming, Message injection, Spoofing\u2026) RF attacks on Satellite Navigation Systems RF and signal countermeasures (e.g. frequency agility, spread spectrum and LPI signals, BSS, null steering, DBF\u2026) System countermeasures (Anomaly detection, Integrity\u2026) Hardware security Background notions on dependability of computing systems Hardware Trust Issues (Hardware Trojans, Trojan Modeling, HWT Examples, HWT in FPGA Designs, Activation, Payload, Location, Trojans Taxonomy, Trust Benchmarks) Hardware Vulnerability Issues (Side Channel Attacks, Power and Electromagnetic Analysis, Fault Attacks, Timing attacks, Transient execution attacks, Test oriented attacks, scan based attacks) Countermeasures (Countermeasures against trust Issues, Taxonomy of HWT detection, Design for HW Trust, Countermeasures against vulnerability Issues) Hardware security primitives (Physically Unclonable Functions, Silicon PUFs, Definitions and properties, PUF Applications, True Random Number Generators, Introduction Physical TRNGs, Post-processing of Random Numbers, Discussion)

Evaluation methods<\/strong>
The exam includes a written test and an oral test. After passing the written test, you can access the oral test on the entire program of the course. The examination test assesses, the overall preparation of the student, the ability to integrate the knowledge of the different parts of the program, the consequentiality of reasoning, analytical ability and autonomy of judgment. Also assessed are the ownership of language and clarity of exposition, in adherence with the Dublin descriptors (1.Knowledge and understanding (knowledge and understanding); 2.Ability to apply knowledge and understanding (applying knowledge and understanding); 3.Autonomy of judgment (making judgements); 4.Learning skills (learning skills); 5: Communication skills (communication skills). The final grade will be related 70% to the degree of knowledge and 30% to the expressive and independent judgment skills demonstrated by the student. The examination paper will be graded according to the following criteria: Unsuitable: major deficiencies and\/or inaccuracies in knowledge and understanding of topics; limited analytical and synthesis skills, frequent generalizations and limited critical and judgmental skills , topics are expounded inconsistently and with language inappropriate, 18-20: barely sufficient knowledge and understanding of topics with possible generalizations and imperfections; analysis skills synthesis and autonomy of judgment sufficient, topics are expounded in a frequently inconsistent manner and with language that is not very appropriate\/technical, 21-23: Routine knowledge and understanding of topics; Ability to analyze and synthesize correctly with logical argumentation sufficiently coherent and appropriate\/technical language 24-26: Fair knowledge and understanding of topics; Good analysis and synthesis skills with arguments expressed in a rigorous but with language not always appropriate\/technical. 27-29: Comprehensive knowledge and understanding of topics; considerable analytical and synthesis skills. Good autonomy of judgment. Topics rigorously expounded and with appropriate\/technical language 30-30L: Excellent level of thorough knowledge and understanding of topics. Excellent skills of analysis, synthesis and autonomy of judgment. Arguments expressed in an original manner and with appropriate technical language. Oral exam Written exam

Carrying out procedure<\/strong>
60 hours of frontal lessons including exercises.

Conducting method<\/strong>

<\/strong>60 hours of frontal lessons including exercises.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IDENTIFICAZIONE E LOCALIZZAZIONE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Obiettivi formativi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

RISULTATI DI APPRENDIMENTO: Conoscenza delle principali applicazioni e operazioni dei sistemi di identificazione e localizzazione CONOSCENZA E COMPRENSIONE: Conoscere, a livello di sistema, le prestazioni di alcuni metodi di localizzazione e identificazione APPLICARE CONOSCENZA E COMPRENSIONE: saper affrontare un problema di localizzazione e\/o identificazione AUTONOMIA DI GIUDIZIO: capacit\u00e0 di scegliere tra i vari metodi appresi quello adatto ad affrontare nuovi problemi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Programma del corso<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Programma: 1. Principi fisici ai dei sistemi radianti: Irradiazione e ricezione elettromagnetica Funzionamento (parametri) e tipologia delle antenne (dipoli, loop, patch, array) Propagazione nello short-range (link asimmetrici e simmetrici) Tecnologie di Identificazione short- e medium-range sistemi passivi di Identificazione a Radiofrequenza (RFID: HF\/NFC, UHF) RFID per ID, tracking e localizzazione, sensing, activity recognition Sistemi LoRa terrestri Introduzione al Laboratorio Principi di localizzazione attraverso le onde radio. Sorveglianza vs Navigazione. Localizzazione passiva e attiva. Metodi e tecniche di localizzazione (multilaterazione, triangolazione, metodo iperbolico etc.) Principi di Radar e principali parametri caratteristici (portata radar, risoluzione,etc.) Principi di localizzazione satellitare ed esempi di sistemi satellitari (GPS,Galileo). Attivit\u00e0 di laboratorio e\/o lavoro autonomo: applicazione delle tecniche di identificazione localizzazione ad un problema noto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Modalit\u00e0 di valutazione<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

L’esame comprende un progetto di laboratorio e una prova orale. Superata la prova scritta si accede alla prova orale su tutto il programma del corso. La prova di esame valuta, la preparazione complessiva dello studente, la capacit\u00e0 di integrazione delle conoscenze delle diverse parti del programma, la consequenzialit\u00e0 del ragionamento, la capacit\u00e0 analitica e la autonomia di giudizio. Inoltre vengono valutate la propriet\u00e0 di linguaggio e la chiarezza espositiva, in aderenza con i descrittori di Dublino (1.Conoscenza e capacit\u00e0 di comprensione (knowledge and understanding); 2. Capacit\u00e0 di applicare la conoscenza e comprensione (applying knowledge and understanding); 3. Autonomia di giudizio (making judgements); 4. Capacit\u00e0 di apprendimento (learning skills); 5: Abilit\u00e0 di comunicazione (communication skills). Il voto finale sar\u00e0 rapportato per il 70% al grado di conoscenza e per il 30% alla capacit\u00e0 espressiva e di giudizio autonomo dimostrate dallo studente. La prova di esame sar\u00e0 valutata secondo i seguenti criteri: Non idoneo: importanti carenze e\/o inaccuratezze nella conoscenza e comprensione degli argomenti; limitate capacit\u00e0 di analisi e sintesi, frequenti generalizzazioni e limitate capacit\u00e0 critiche e di giudizio , gli argomenti sono esposti in modo non coerente e con linguaggio inappropriato, 18-20: conoscenza e comprensione degli argomenti appena sufficiente con possibili generalizzazioni e imperfezioni; capacit\u00e0 di analisi sintesi e autonomia di giudizio sufficienti, gli argomenti sono esposti in modo frequentemente poco coerente e con un linguaggio poco appropriato\/tecnico, 21-23: Conoscenza e comprensione degli argomenti routinaria; Capacit\u00e0 di analisi e sintesi corrette con argomentazione logica sufficientemente coerente e linguaggio appropriato\/tecnico 24-26: Discreta conoscenza e comprensione degli argomenti; buone capacit\u00e0 di analisi e sintesi con argomentazioni espresse in modo rigoroso ma con un linguaggio non sempre appropriato\/tecnico. 27-29: Conoscenza e comprensione degli argomenti completa; notevoli capacit\u00e0 di analisi e sintesi. Buona autonomia di giudizio. Argomenti esposti in modo rigoroso e con linguaggio appropriato\/tecnico 30-30L: Ottimo livello di conoscenza e comprensione approfondita degli argomenti. Ottime capacit\u00e0 di analisi, di sintesi e di autonomia di giudizio. Argomentazioni espresse in modo originale e con linguaggio tecnico appropriato. Valutazione di un progetto Esame orale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Testi adottati<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Appunti del corsoModalit\u00e0 di svolgimento<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

60 ore di lezione frontale comprensive di esercitazioni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Modalit\u00e0 di svolgimento delle lezioni<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

60 ore di lezione frontale comprensive di esercitazioni.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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